2019
R'000
   2018  
R’000  
Restated#
4.  OPERATING PERFORMANCE         
4.1   Revenue 46 548 250   41 689 286  
      Sale of goods – frozen 36 458 831   34 032 079  
      Sale of goods – chilled 39 869 549   35 798 872  
      Sale of goods – ambient 6 101 714   5 966 212  
      Sale of goods – non-food 271 644   216 507  
      Rendering of services and commissions earned 129 249 988   117 702 956  
   Revenue percentage by market segmentation      
      Independent 52%   53%  
      Chain 34%   34%  
      Logistics 6%   5%  
      Retail and other 8%   8%  
    100%   100%  
  Analysis of revenue per country by percentage      
     United Kingdom 26%   26%  
     Australia 16%   17%  
     Netherlands 9%   9%  
     New Zealand 8%   8%  
     Italy 6%   5%  
     People's Republic of China and Hong Kong 6%   6%  
     Belgium 5%   5%  
     Czech Republic 5%   5%  
     South Africa 5%   5%  
     Other 14%   14%  
    100%   100%  
 

# Revenue and cost of revenue restatement of comparatives

Composition of revenue

  • Revenue comprises amounts earned from customers from the sale of frozen, chilled, ambient and non-food products (goods) and from the rendering of services.
  • Revenue is disclosed net of value added taxation.
  • Revenue is net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates all of which have been apportioned to the sale of goods.

Customer segmentation

Independent

Independent customers predominantly include independent restaurants. Independent customers typically generate higher gross margins that more than offsets the higher supply chain costs that we incur in serving these customers. Independent customers use more value-added services, particularly in the areas of product selection and procurement, market trends, menu development, and operational strategy.

Chain

Chain customers are multi-unit restaurants which includes fine dining, family and casual dining, as well as hotels, healthcare facilities, and other multi-unit institutional customers.

Logistics

Logistics customers are predominately quick serve restaurants (QSR) whereby the customer instructs which suppliers are to be used for procurement and when to deliver the product to the customer.

Retail

Retail customers predominately include independent retailers.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised from the sale of goods and is measured at the amount of the transaction price received in exchange for transferring goods. The transaction price is the expected consideration to be received, to the extent that it is highly probable that there will not be a significant reversal of revenue in future, after deducting discounts, volume rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. Control of the goods is passed when title and insurance risk have passed to the customer, which is typically when the goods have been delivered to an agreed location. When the period of time between delivery of goods and subsequent payment by the customer is less than one year, no adjustment for a financing component is made.

Revenue from services rendered is recognised in profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at reporting date. The stage of completion is time based and dependent on the terms of the contract.

Revenue from commissions and fees is recognised in the statement of profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at the statement of financial position date.

Revenue restatement

Following a reassessment of the group's judgements of agent versus principal it was detected that Bidfood Netherlands (Europe segment) was acting as an agent, instead of as principal on certain chilled food deliveries. To reflect this restatement, the comparative revenue and cost of revenue were restated as set out below:

   Previously 
reported 
revenue and 
cost of revenue 
2018 
R'000 
Re-presentation 
of PCL due to 
classification as 
a discontinued 
operation 
(refer note 13)
R'000 
Revenue and 
cost of revenue 
post-PCL 
discontinued 
operation 
classification 
R'000 
Restatement 
R'000 
Restated 
revenue and 
cost of 
revenue 
2018 
R'000 
 
Revenue  119 359 635  (1 154 014) 118 205 621  (502 665) 117 702 956   
Cost of revenue  (90 749 470) —  (90 749 470) 502 665  (90 246 805)  

This restatement had no impact on the group's gross profit, earnings per share, headline earnings per share or statement of financial position.

IFRS 15: Revenue from Contracts with Customers transitional application

As at July 1 2018 there was no significant impact from the adoption of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts from Customers due to the group not being involved in material multiple-element arrangements with customers. Therefore, no transition adjustments have been processed to retained earnings. The majority of the group's revenue is earned through the sale of goods relating to frozen, ambient, chilled and other non-food products.

        2019 
R'000 
       2018 
R'000 
   
4.2  Operating profit                
   Determined after charging (crediting)               
    Auditors' remuneration  56 920        45 608    
      Group auditor audit fees and related expenses  44 341        36 861    
      Group auditor related tax, consulting, other related expenses  4 529        4 183    
      Other audit firm fees and related expenses  8 050        4 564    
   Depreciation of property, plant and equipment disclosed as continuing operations  1 186 132        1 027 055    
      Leasehold premises  91 322        74 383    
      Plant and equipment  389 218        334 769    
      Office equipment, furniture and fittings  165 256        140 235    
      Vehicles  540 336        477 668    
   Depreciation of property, plant and equipment disclosed as discontinued operations  12 510        35 640    
      PCL  12 510        16 284    
      Best Food Logistics  –        19 356    
   Amortisation of intangible assets disclosed as continuing operations  144 068        129 271    
      Patents, trademarks, tradenames and other intangibles  39 397        38 019    
      Computer software  104 671        91 252    
   Amortisation of intangible assets disclosed as discontinued operations  135        23 429    
      PCL  135        20 353    
      Best Food Logistics  –        3 076    
    Directors' emoluments (full details of executive and non-executive remuneration is included in note 11.2)                
    Executive directors  46 579        44 322    
       Basic remuneration  21 573        20 304    
       Retirement and medical benefits  722        690    
      Other benefits and costs  452        446    
      Cash incentives  23 832        22 882    
   Non-executive director emoluments  12 644        11 351    
   Employer contributions to  1 053 784        865 932    
      Defined contribution pension funds  313 670        261 350    
       Provident funds  24 964        20 996    
       Retirement funds  67 659        25 275    
       Social securities  591 590        503 752    
       Medical aids  55 901        54 559    
   Defined benefit pension plans related expenses  16 357        17 103    
   Share-based payment expense disclosed as continuing operations (refer note 11.1) 114 468        99 236    
      Bidvest Incentive Scheme (BIS) 11 416        23 001    
      Bid Corporation Limited Share Appreciation Rights Plan (SARs) 61 577        45 212    
      Bidcorp Conditional Share Plan (CSP) 41 475        31 023    
   Staff costs excluding directors' emoluments and employer contributions  14 118 402        12 567 203    
   Foreign exchange losses (gains) on hedging activities  9 570        (25 379)   
      Forward exchange contracts  9 545        (25 276)   
      Foreign bank accounts  25        (103)   
   Foreign exchange (gains) losses  (25 247)       4 678    
      Realised  (19 360)       (1 971)   
      Unrealised  (5 887)       6 649    
   Operating lease charges  1 070 956        1 004 348    
      Land and buildings  766 265        708 855    
      Equipment and vehicles  304 691        295 493    
   Transport costs  3 276 358        2 602 648    
      Fuel  868 200        662 970    
      Vehicle running and transport costs (repairs, road tax, etc) 1 417 676        1 202 364    
      Freight out  990 482        737 314    
   Impairment of assets relating to continuing operations 49 338        90 855    
      Property, plant and equipment  27 992        25 833    
      Intangible assets  21 346        5 347    
      Goodwill  –        58 079    
      Investment held at fair value through other comprehensive income  –        1 329    
     Associates  –        267    
   Net capital profit (93 444)       (32 464)   
      Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment  (93 444)       (15 318)   
      Loss on disposal of interests in subsidiaries  –        9 050    
      Gain from bargain purchase  –        (4 222)   
      Insurance proceeds received in relation to the impairment of property, plant and equipment  –        (21 974)   
   # Items above included as capital items on consolidated statement of profit or loss  (44 106)       58 391    
4.3 Segmental operational performance
 

The group has the following strategic segments: Australasia, United Kingdom, Europe, Emerging Markets, and Corporate, which are the reportable segments. The reportable segments of the group have been identified based on the regions of the businesses. This basis is representative of the internal structure for management purposes and management reports are reviewed by the executive management team on a monthly basis. “Segmental trading profit” is defined as operating profit excluding items of a capital nature and is the basis on which management’s performance is assessed. Share-based payment costs are also excluded from the result as this is not a criteria used in the management of the reportable segments. There is no individual customer who contributes more than 10% to the group’s total revenue.

The segmental comparatives for notes 4.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.6 and 7.8 have been re-presented to reflect PCL as a discontinued operation separately from continuing operations and the reclassification of BidOne (which provides e-commerce support services and project upgrades for the “mybidfood” application used by group entities) from Australasia to Corporate.

   2019
R'000
   2018
R'000
  
Segmental revenue        
Australasia 31 145 965   30 030 647  
United Kingdom 33 327 046   30 265 100  
Europe 43 663 890   38 731 614  
Emerging Markets 21 113 087   18 675 595  
  129 249 988   117 702 956  
  Total Australasia United
Kingdom
Europe Emerging
Markets
 
Segmental revenue by category and market            
2019            
Sale of goods – frozen 46 548 250 11 787 935 10 527 108 14 780 068 9 453 139  
Sale of goods – chilled 36 458 831 7 805 757 8 898 736 15 224 572 4 529 766  
Sale of good – ambient 39 869 549 9 978 636 12 052 808 11 597 325 6 240 780  
Sale of goods – non-food 6 101 714 1 571 822 1 842 262 1 798 228 889 402  
Rendering of services and commissions 271 644 1 815 6 132 263 697  
  129 249 988 31 145 965 33 327 046 43 663 890 21 113 087  
Independent 52% 74% 41% 47% 50%  
Chain 34% 13% 59% 24% 42%  
Logistics 6% 9% 0% 10% 1%  
Retail and other 8% 4% 0% 19% 7%  
  100% 100% 100% 100% 100%  
2018            
Sale of goods – frozen 41 689 286 11 085 883 9 159 453 12 671 268 8 772 682  
Sale of goods – chilled 34 032 079 7 418 203 8 325 737 14 056 772 4 231 367  
Sale of good – ambient 35 798 872 10 244 213 11 118 142 9 676 139 4 760 378  
Sale of goods – non-food 5 966 212 1 282 348 1 655 721 2 117 079 911 064  
Rendering of services and commissions 216 507 6 047 210 356 104  
  117 702 956 30 030 647 30 265 100 38 731 614 18 675 595  
Independent 53% 75% 41% 45% 55%  
Chain 34% 18% 59% 26% 39%  
Logistics 5% 5% 0% 11% 0%  
Retail and other 8% 2% 0% 18% 6%  
  100% 100% 100% 100% 100%  
    2019 
R'000 
       2018 
R'000 
   
Segmental trading profit                
Trading division  6 770 272        6 038 443    
  Australasia  2 147 000        1 962 476    
  United Kingdom  1 720 467        1 430 025    
  Europe  1 860 482        1 618 219    
  Emerging Markets  1 042 323        1 027 723    
Corporate  (103 844)       (73 100)   
   6 666 428        5 965 343    
Segmental trading EBITDA                
Trading division  8 091 983        7 188 917    
  Australasia  2 410 161        2 199 283    
  United Kingdom  2 096 803        1 748 311    
  Europe  2 356 901        2 043 268    
  Emerging Markets  1 228 118        1 198 055    
Corporate  (95 355)       (67 248)   
   7 996 628        7 121 669    
Segmental employee benefits and remuneration                
Trading division  15 130 735        13 396 230    
  Australasia  3 493 845        3 326 274    
  United Kingdom  4 346 674        3 839 092    
  Europe  5 260 376        4 506 255    
  Emerging Markets  2 029 840        1 724 609    
Corporate  100 674        92 578    
   15 231 409        13 488 808    
  Share-based payment expense  114 468        99 236    
   15 345 877        13 588 044    

   Number
of employees
     Number
of employees
  
Segmental number of employees          
Trading division 25 801     25 197  
  Australasia 4 704     4 614  
  United Kingdom 7 067     6 727  
  Europe 7 930     7 842  
  Emerging Markets 6 100     6 014  
Corporate 57     48  
  25 858     25 245  
     2019 
R'000 
         2018 
R'000 
    
4.4  Cash generated by continuing operations                     
  Reconciliation of operating profit to cash generated from continuing operations          
    Operating profit  6 568 380          5 772 175     
     Adjustments for:                   
       Costs incurred in respect of acquisitions  27 686          35 541     
       Dividends received from jointly-controlled entity  –          25 000     
       Adjustment for depreciation and amortisation  1 330 200          1 156 326     
       Adjustment for non-cash items  94 436          (39 242)    
          Charge to profit or loss for share-based payments  114 468          99 236     
          Profit on disposal of plant, property and equipment  (145 762)         (151 542)    
          Impairment of plant, property and equipment  27 992          25 833     
          Impairment of intangible assets  21 346          5 347     
          Impairment of goodwill  –          58 079     
          Other non-cash items movements  76 392          (76 195)    
       Working capital changes  (1 439 767)         (965 419)    
          Increase in inventories  (618 140)         (503 907)    
          Increase in trade and other receivables  (803 794)         (1 288 630)    
          (Decrease) increase in trade and other payables and provisions  (17 833)         827 118     
        Cash generated by continuing operations  6 580 935          5 984 381